![]() Then, use 1 1/4-inch self-taping sheet metal screws to secure the strips. However, in most cases, you first install 1×2 furring strips to the bottom and perpendicular to the Z purlins on 22″ centers. However, you can also use it to hold insulation on the roof.ĭifferent manufacturers provide different insulation installation guidelines. Installing Roof Insulationįurring strips are popular for holding rigid insulation materials in place, especially on masonry walls. ![]() Then position the stips on the roof and drive nails into the pre-drilled holes to secure the strips.Īfter installing the firring, set and attach the underlayment or slip sheet, then install the roofing panels. Pre-drill a hole into all four corners of each furring strip. So, you need wider planks, like 1×4 strips. In this case, the firring strips replace the decking. The gap between the two roofs cancels sound from outdoors, keeping your indoors quiet and comfortable. The strips serve as spacers between the old and new roofs, providing additional insulation and ventilation while forming a level surface for the new metal panels. However, the three main uses in roofing projects are as follows Installing a Metal Roof Over an Existing Roofįurring strips are commonly used when installing a layover (a new metal or asphalt shingles over an old roof). Applications of Furring Strips in Roofingįurring strips have a host of applications in the construction industry. They are versatile construction materials most commonly used in construction projects. On the other hand, z-channel furring strips take the shape of the alphabet Z. Hat-channel strips are heat-resistant, providing solar heat protection. They’re the most common metal furring strip design and are popular in real estate development. Hat-channel furring strips resemble hats, thus the name. Many manufacturers are happy to customize the straps to suit your project needs. Meanwhile, metal furring strips are mainly constructed in factories from aluminum or steel metal sheets. Alternatively, contractors rip plywood to form furring strips on-site. ![]() Original strips from millers are sawn from solid timber, typically softwoods like spruce and pine. Wooden furring strips are made from natural or processed wood. Here’s what you need to know about each Wood vs. The most common styles are hat-channel and z-channel. The two main types of furring strip materials are wood and metal. Types of Furring Stripsįurring strips can be categorized by material and style. Meanwhile, furring strips come in various materials, especially metal and wood. The main difference is that common boards are softwoods, typically cypress. If you’ve used common boards before, furring strips are similar. Some contractors also use furring strips to raise surfaces to prevent moisture creep. What are Furring Strips?įurring strips, also known as wood strapping or furring boards, are thin metal or wood strips used to prepare level surfaces for various projects. Arrange the strips downward to encourage moisture to run down the end caps. The strip material also matters.įor instance, metallic furring strips are stronger and thus can be placed closer. However, you should consider closer spacing for thinner furring strips. The standard furring stip spacing for metal roofs is twenty-four inches on-center. What’s the Required Spacing of Furring Strips on Metal Roofing? ![]() Read on to learn how they work, common roofing applications, and standard furring strip spacing requirements for metal roofs. However, they’re perfect for certain roofing and ceiling projects. ![]() Roofing felt underlayment over the deck completes the set for decades of a reliable roof over your head.īut did you know you can also turn to wood strips to accomplish the same? Roofing strips are less strong and durable than solid sheathing materials. Specifically, OSB and plywood provide a stable and strong surface that lasts many years with few repairs. Decking is the standard way to provide a flat surface for laying roofing shingles, tiles, etc. ![]()
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![]() This game is inspired by the original 2048 game and features one key element: the merging of two balls if they touch.Īlso Read Is Dragon Ball Xenoverse 2 Cross Platform in 2023 If you love puzzle games, you are sure to enjoy the Perspect 20 game. However, it’s worth noting that the game costs nearly double what the previous versions did. The puzzles are quite challenging, and the game’s graphics are excellent. There are even trivia questions about the famous city. It offers 140 puzzles in the Color Picross style and 20 bonus puzzles in other styles. If you enjoy the games’ addictive gameplay, you’ll surely be delighted by this one. ![]() ![]() This puzzle game combines a walking tour of the Spree with logic challenges and tricky nonograms. Travel Mosaics 7: Fantastic BerlinĪ new game, Travel Mosaics 7: Fantastic Berlin, will take you on a trip through the German capital. When this occurs, the tiles are merged in both directions, enabling the player to build a higher-value tile. As each tile is merged, it becomes a higher value. If two tiles match, they merge to form a bigger tile. This is done through a two-way merge between adjacent tiles. ![]() The objective of this game is to merge as many tiles as possible before the grid collapses. There are four main gestures in the game – tap, swipe, move and delete.īy following these steps, you’ll be able to solve the puzzles in minutes instead of hours. Fortunately, in the games AI can do this for you. Getting rid of the big tile and combining small tiles is the ultimate goal of any 2048 game, but this is more complicated. ![]() ![]() ![]() To check the requirements for your device visit: Servers - Join free massive multiplayer servers and play with thousands of others! Discover gigantic community-run worlds, compete in unique mini-games and socialize in lobbies full of new friends! Multiplayer - Play with up to 4 friends with a free Xbox Live account online. Share with friends on your own private Realms server. With Realms Plus, get instant access to over 150 Marketplace items with new additions each month. Realms and Realms Plus - Play with up to 10 friends cross-platform, anytime, anywhere on Realms, your own private server that we host for you. Slash commands - Tweak how the game plays: you can give items away, summon mobs, change the time of day, and more.Īdd-Ons - Customize your experience even further with free Add-Ons! If you're more tech-inclined, you can modify data-driven behaviors in the game to create new resource packs. Minecraft Marketplace - Discover the latest community creations in the marketplace! Get unique worlds, skins, and texture packs from your favorite creators. The choice is yours in Minecraft – so play your way! With seamless cross-platform play on Minecraft: Bedrock Edition you can adventure solo or with friends, and discover an infinite, randomly generated world filled with blocks to mine, biomes to explore and mobs to befriend (or fight). Play in Creative mode with unlimited resources, or hunt for tools to fend off danger in Survival mode. Minecraft is a game made from blocks that you can transform into whatever you can imagine. ![]() ![]() ![]() Refer to Circular 230 PDF, Sections 10.5(d)(1) and 10.51, for a complete explanation of the suitability requirements. In general, any overdue tax return that has not been filed or any unpaid taxes unless acceptable payment arrangements have been established. What types of tax issues could negatively impact consideration of an application for enrollment? (updated 10/7/18) The test fee is non-refundable and non-transferable. There is a $206 fee per part paid at the time of appointment scheduling. How much does it cost to take the Special Enrollment Examination? (updated 3/1/23) Review the Candidate Information Bulletin PDF to get started. *Certain former IRS employees, by virtue of past technical experience, may be exempt from the exam requirement. ![]()
![]() ![]() ![]() ![]() While for other protocols and physical assumptions, there are claims of violations of the third law 11, followed by counter-claims 12 and counter–counter-claims 13. The analysis of particular cooling protocols 9, 10 yields quantitative bounds on how fast cooling can take place, provided one makes certain physical assumptions. Currently, we only know that certain cooling protocols, whether it be laser cooling, algorithmic cooling, dynamic cooling or the traditional alternating adaibatic and isothermic reversible operations, require infinite time to cool a system to absolute zero. Quantum computation, precision measurements, quantum simulations and the manipulation of materials at the atomic scale, all rely on extreme cooling. Although formulated in 1912, there has been no general proof of the principle, despite the central importance that cooling has in enabling quantum phenomena in optical, atomic and condensed matter systems. Independently of this debate, the validity of the unattainability principle has remained open. The bound we obtain quantifies the extent to which a change in entropy at T=0 affects the cooling rate. Although one can potentially cool at a faster rate in systems violating the heat theorem, we show that the unattainability principle still holds. Nernst argues that if the heat theorem could be violated, then it would be possible to violate the unattainability principle ( Fig. We can understand it as saying that putting a system into its ground state requires infinite time or an infinite number of steps. Here however, we concern ourselves with the question of Nernst’s unattainability principle 8, that Nernst introduced to support his attempted derivations of his heat theorem and counter Einstein’s objections. One can easily find families of Hamiltonians, which satisfy or violate the heat theorem 6, 7. Since we now understand the entropy at zero temperature to be the logarithm of the ground-state degeneracy, the validity of the heat theorem is contingent on whether the degeneracy changes for different parameters of the Hamiltonian. Nernst’s version states that: at zero temperature, a finite size system has an entropy S, which is independent of any external parameters x, that is S( T, x 1)− S( T, x 2)→0 as the temperature T→0. Max Planck’s formulation 3: when the temperature of a pure substance approaches absolute zero, its entropy approaches zero may hold for many crystalline substances, but it is not true in general, and formulations due to Einstein 4 and Nernst 5 were for some time considered to be typically true from an experimental point of view, but sometimes violated.Ī modern understanding of entropy and quantum theory takes the heat theorem outside the realm of thermodynamics. ![]() Nernst claimed that he could prove his heat theorem using thermodynamical arguments while Einstein, who refuted several versions of Nernst’s attempted derivation, was convinced that classical thermodynamics was not sufficient for a proof, and that quantum theory had to be taken into account. Walther Nernst’s first formulation of the third law of thermodynamics 1, now called the heat theorem, was the subject of intense discussion 2. The third law of thermodynamics has a controversial past and a number of formulations due to Planck, Einstein and Nernst. ![]() ![]() ![]() ![]() Jarrett looked out at the bedraggled teenager and took pity on her. Standing in the rain and speaking through the open window of his car, she pleaded with him to play. ![]() Faced with the humiliation she could expect when 1432 concert-goers arrived at the Opera House and found no Keith Jarrett and no concert, a desperate Vera Brandes followed him. Jarrett left the hall and returned to the car, ready to get back to the hotel and to get some much-needed rest. With an unacceptable piano, it looked like there would be no concert. Jarrett was dismayed: It was a “piano which hadn’t been adjusted for a very long time and it sounded like a very poor imitation of a harpsichord or a piano with tacks in it.” Biographer Ian Carr’s description was just as severe: “ had to adapt to an instrument which sounded like a…barroom piano…it was barely passable in the middle and lower resisters, the upper registers sounded tinny.” What Jarrett and Eicher found was “this tiny little Bosendorfer, that was completely out of tune, the black notes in the middle didn’t work, the pedals stuck. When they could not find the requested piano, and caring little for a late-night jazz concert, they had delivered a small Bosendorfer – “like half a piano” remembered Brandes – and had gone home. What Brandes had not realized until that moment was that the Opera House crew had failed. In agreeing to the concert, Jarrett had requested a specific piano – a full-sized 9-foot concert Bosendorfer – that he had heard another jazz pianist play during an earlier tour of Europe, and the Opera House administration had agreed to provide it. What had started out as the happiest day of Vera Brandes’ life was turning into the worst. Then, after a long silence, Manfred came to me and said, ‘If you don’t get a new piano, Keith can’t play.'” They circled the instrument several times and then tried a few keys. “Keith played a few notes,” recalled Brandes. When they reached the concert hall late in the afternoon, it was immediately clear to Jarrett that the piano on the stage was not the piano he had expected. ![]() Jarrett could expect an audience of 1,432 jazz aficionados in the audience. When she arrived at their hotel she was excited to tell Jarrett and Eicher that the concert was completely sold out. At 17, she was the youngest concert producer in Europe, and the concert at the Opera House was by far her most ambitious and potentially successful effort to date. In fact, it almost didn’t go at all.įor Vera Brandes, January 24 was the happiest day of her life. If all went well, in a few hours Jarrett would stride on to the stage of one of the most important musical venues in Europe and begin to play. The concert was planned for 11:00 pm, the only time Brendes could arrange for the hall, so Jarrett’s plan was to examine the piano and the hall, then return to his hotel, take a nap and then have dinner before the concert. Jarrett wanted to visit the Opera House before the concert to look at the piano. Having driven all that day from Switzerland in a small Renault 4, and Jarrett and Eicher were exhausted. However, when Brandes called and told them that she could schedule a concert in the Cologne Opera house, Jarrett agreed to come. Since Jarrett had played the night before in Lausanne, Switzerland, January 24th was supposed to be a day of rest. They were attempts at very long stretches (up to an hour at a time) of total improvisation, the creation from scratch of everything: rhythms, themes, structures, harmonic sequences and textures.”įully aware of how demanding that playing such improvised concerts could be, Jarrett had insisted that they schedule a concert every other day. “They were not renditions of composed music committed to memory, nor were they a series of variations on composed themes. “These solo concerts were major events in terms of twentieth-century music…they are without precedent, not only in jazz history, but also in the entire history of the piano,” wrote biographer Ian Carr in Keith Jarrett: The Man and His Music. C and was scheduled to end on Apin Waterville, Maine. Jarrett, the American jazz musician, and his manager and producer, Manfred Eicher, were in middle of a tour of 24 solo concerts – 11 in Europe – which had begun on Octoin Washington, D. Brandes was the 17-year-old producer of the concert that Jarrett was to play that night at the Cologne Opera House. On the afternoon of January 24, 1975, Keith Jarrett and Manfred Eicher were sitting in the lobby of a hotel in Cologne, Germany, waiting for Vera Brandes to arrive. This is not the calculus for a successful concert.” ![]() ![]() ![]() With only one exception, all the download tests I ran at the AT&T Internet Speed Test and at Ookla's indicated speeds of 11.5Mbps or greater. The FCC's test also requires that you supply your street address.) (Note that the Java-based network tester at the FCC's runs on the Measurement Labs platform, which doesn't support the Safari, Google Chrome, or Opera browsers. The company's speed tests are provided by Ookla, as are the tests at many other network providers. Not surprisingly, the highest consistent speeds were reported when I ran the tests offered by my ISP, AT&T. The results of the HTML5-based speed tests conducted at Bandwidth Place ranged from 5Mbps to 11Mbps, those at exhibited a similar range, and the Flash-based tests at ZDNet's Broadband Speed Test recorded speeds from 5.8Mbps to 11.4Mbps. 's download scores in both its single- and multithread tests exhibited a bit more range than those of Speakeasy's Speed Test, but they averaged about 11.2Mbps. After running several tests over a span of days, all of Speed Test's download results were within a few kilobits of 11.5Mbps. Of course, the services' tests may be consistently wrong. The most consistent test results were recorded at Speakeasy's Flash-based Speed Test and at 's HTML5-based tester. Others point out that multithread tests such as those used by Ookla ( and branded by many ISPs) don't represent real-world network traffic as well as single-thread tests. Many experts claim HTML5-based speed tests are more accurate than tests that use Java and Adobe Flash. Does the type of speed test make a difference? ![]() ![]() ![]() eye contact, use of touching, use of physical space) Non-verbal communication and body language (e.g.Male and female roles defined within various cultures.Different forms of greetings and use of titles that may be preferred.When communicating with families, it is also important to understand and consider: Their preference was to communicate with teachers through email or program letters. For example, Sohn and Wang (2006) found that Korean-born mothers, even those who spoke English well, had difficulty communicating with teachers face-to-face. Each family is teaching their young children how to be successful within their own culture, beliefs and traditions.Ĭommunication preferences may be related to cultural or community values, priorities and commitments. ![]() It is crucial that programs use communication practices that are sensitive to the diverse language and cultural backgrounds of the families they serve. Trust between you and families makes parents feel good about the program and its ability to meet their child’s needs. Trust is an important part of helping to make sure that you maintain partnership with families and work as a team with families to help children meet their goals. Positive communication skills help to make sure that accurate information is shared, expectations are shared, and trust is established.Ĭommunication and relationships with families help to build trust. A single conversation, positive or negative, can set the tone for a family’s opinion of preschool staff, so it is essential to develop effective communication skills early on. Effective communication helps to inform, reassure, and engage families, which all helps establish and build a strong partnership between staff and families. Positive communication is perhaps the most powerful tool that you can use with families. Importance of Communicating with Families Families will be eager to know how their child is doing, and you can support comfortable and effective communication by offering encouraging responses and asking for clarification if something is not understood. When you are aware of these characteristics, you communicate in ways that are more supportive and respectful of families. All of these opportunities require you to be aware and courteous of the family’s characteristics, including tone, choice of words, and nonverbal communication, such as facial expressions and body language. Have you ever been surprised that someone misunderstood a message you thought you had communicated quite clearly?Ĭommunication between teachers and families occurs during daily hellos and goodbyes, as well as in more formal activities such as family meetings. Communicating with others can be both simple and complex at the same time. ![]() ![]() ![]()
![]() ![]() Each images has been restored from poor quality, re-colourised from dull black and white, and also enhanced using the latest enhancement and colour correction tools available. This is one of many timeless Arnold Schwarzenegger images on my store. This will be made clear to you in the License you will recieve with your digital download.*** It is forbidden to upload any images to social media, for your commerical use, or for you to sell and/ or distribute. ***IMPORTANT: The digital download you recieve is for your personal use only. The email will be sent to the address you provide at checkout. Please note, due to the size of the files (and the limitation set by Etsy), you will not receive an instant download, rather I will send you the files separately in an email. Alternatively, you can use many of the online tools available for resizing images. If you need another size, please send me a message. 300DPI ensures excellent quality - guaranteed. 2:3 Ratio - This can be used to print 20x30, 16,24, 12x18, 8x12, 6x9 inchesĪll images will be 300DPI and ready to print. 3:4 Ratio - This can be used to print 18x24, 12x16, 9x12 inches A0 size - This can be used to print A0, A1, A2, A3, A4 By printing at a nearby shop, you'll save on printing fees, avoid shipping expenses, and bypass any potential delivery delays, getting your poster printed instantly. This convenient option allows you to purchase a digital file and print the poster locally, providing a more cost-effective and efficient solution compared to direct purchases. SigmaxStudio now exclusively offers digital downloads for all our products. You’re satisfied, press “set as wallpaper.” 8.□ Christmas SALE - 20% OFF Limited Time Only! □ You’ll then be able to move the image to how you like. You’ll then be prompted to select whether you want to set the image as the background of Right corner, click the menu button (three vertical dots). The first image you see here should be the image you downloaded. Open your gallery/photos app and click on the “download” folder.ģ. Search for a wallpaper you like on and download it clicking on the blueĭownload button below the wallpaper. Navigate back to your home screen and take a look at your new wallpaper. Whether you want this image to be set as the background of your lock screen, home screen or both. Here you can arrange the picture how you want it, then tap “set.” 8. (the one that looks like a box with an arrow coming out of it). Navigate to the “Photos” app and find the image you want as your background. Tap on an image and hold on a few seconds. Find an image you like on and click on the blue download button Exit back to your desktop and see what it looks like! iPhone/iPad 1. Here you’ll want to select your own, so you’ll select the location your new imageĭownloaded. This order, click Apple Menu > System Preferences > Desktop & Screen Saver > Desktop 3. Download your favourite wallpaper clicking on the blue download button below the The folder and click “Set as desktop background.” 6.Enjoy your new wallpaper! Mac 1. That image on your computer (it will probably be in your “downloads” folder) 5.Right-click the image in ![]() That part for you.) 3.Click the button, and you’ll notice the image save to your browser. That says “Free Download.” Just below that text is your screen’s resolution (don’t worry, we calculated First, find the perfect wallpaper for your PC. ![]() |
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